Ib qho nyiaj ntawm plasticizer ntxiv rau ntau lossis tsawg dua cov khoom siv PVC. Lub hom phiaj yog txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom thaum txo cov nqi tsim khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau cov khoom siv plasticizers yuav tsiv mus nyob rau hauv qee qhov chaw, thiab ntau yam khoom muaj Kev siv ib puag ncig yog qhov chaw zoo li no uas tuaj yeem ua rau tsiv teb tsaws. Qhov no yog nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub thaum lub sij hawm tsim khoom thiab siv. Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm PVC plasticizer tsiv teb tsaws yog dab tsi? Dab tsi yog qhov ua rau ntawm plasticizer tsiv teb tsaws?
▶ Kev tsiv teb tsaws ntawm plasticizer
1. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm plasticizer tsiv teb tsaws
Kev tsiv teb tsaws yog hais txog qhov tshwm sim uas cov plasticizer txav los ntawm sab hauv ntawm cov khoom yas mus rau saum npoo, thiab tom qab ntawd nkag los ntawm qhov chaw mus rau sab hauv ntawm cov khoom hauv kev sib cuag. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tsiv teb tsaws ntawm PVC cov khoom feem ntau ua rau softening, stickiness thiab txawm nto tawg. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev tsiv teb tsaws ntawm plasticizers tuaj yeem yooj yim ua rau cov khoom muaj kuab paug.
2. Kev tsiv teb tsaws ntawm cov yas sib txawv
(1) Kev txav mus los ntawm cov yas yas yog cuam tshuam nrog lawv tus kheej cov qauv. Kev txav mus los ntawm phthalate esters txo qis nrog qhov nce ntawm lipid saw ntev.
(2) Kev tsiv teb tsaws tsis kam ntawm esters tau nce me ntsis yog tias pawg ether tau qhia. Thaum cov pab pawg alkyl hloov nrog ib pawg aryl, qhov kev hloov pauv hloov pauv tau zoo tuaj, thiab cov qauv saw hlau zoo yog me ntsis tiv thaiv kev tsiv teb tsaws dua li cov qauv ceg ntawm tib cov pa roj carbon atom.
(3) Cov roj fatty acids hauv lipids muaj kev txav mus los ntau dua, thiab cov roj epoxy muaj zog tsawg dua li epoxy fatty acid monoesters.
▶ Kev cuam tshuam ntawm PVC plasticizer tsiv teb tsaws
1. cuam tshuam cov khoom ua haujlwm
Thaum kev tsiv teb tsaws ntawm PVC plasticizer yog qhov hnyav, cov khoom yuav hloov pauv zoo heev, ua rau cov khoom muag muag, nplaum thiab txawm tias nto tawg. Lub precipitate yuav ua rau cov khoom muaj kuab paug thiab cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm thib ob ntawm cov khoom. Piv txwv li, cov plasticizer molecules nyob rau hauv PVC waterproof membrane migrate, thiab cov PVC uas poob lub plasticizer yuav shrink thiab ua nyuaj, uas tej zaum yuav ua rau cov dej tsis ua hauj lwm; Thaum cov khoom muag PVC yog pasted nrog cov tshuaj hnyav-raws li cov nplaum nplaum, cov khoom Internal plasticizers zoo li tsiv mus rau cov txheej txheem sib txuas, ua rau muaj kev poob qis hauv kev sib raug zoo, ua rau muaj teeb meem xws li kev sib txuas tsis muaj zog lossis degumming; thaum cov khoom muag PVC raug pleev xim los yog pleev xim, lawv kuj ntsib kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw ntxiv. Plasticizers ua teeb meem nrog txheej txheej lossis lacquer tev.
2. Ua rau muaj kuab paug ib puag ncig
Qee cov khoom, xws li cov xim pigment, flavour, antistatic agents, stabilizers, thiab lwm yam, yuav raug coj tawm thaum lub sij hawm tsiv teb tsaws ntawm plasticizers hauv PVC. Vim tias qhov poob ntawm cov khoom no, lub cev lub cev ntawm cov khoom siv PVC yuav txo qis, thiab qee qhov khoom yuav txawm ploj. . Cov nag lossis daus no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kuab paug thiab puas tsuaj rau cov khoom hauv kev sib cuag nrog lawv. Yog tias cov khoom muag muag PVC thiab polystyrene muab tso ua ke, cov yas txav los ntawm PVC yuav cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv polystyrene thiab ua rau cov khoom siv polystyrene mos; Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias cov PVC mos siv, yog tias nws ntsib dej Los yog cov kuab tshuaj organic thiab lwm yam tshuaj, phthalate plasticizers tuaj yeem hloov pauv ntawm PVC plastics mus rau ib puag ncig, ua rau muaj kuab paug rau ib puag ncig, thiab txhawb nqa thiab xa mus raws cov khoom noj khoom haus, yog li. ua rau muaj kev phom sij ntau dua rau cov kab mob.
▶ Ua rau plasticizer tsiv teb tsaws
Cov txheej txheem tsiv teb tsaws ntawm cov yas hauv PVC cov khoom yog txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov ntim dawb ntawm PVC thiab cov yam ntxwv txav ntawm PVC ntu, thiab kev txav ntawm PVC ntu yog txiav txim siab los ntawm cov qauv, crosslinking degree, unsaturation, crystallinity thiab substituents ntawm ntu. . Cov txheej txheem kev tsiv teb tsaws ntawm plasticizer kuj tseem cuam tshuam los ntawm kev sib sau ua ke ntawm PVC, uas yog, cov qauv sib txuas ntawm PVC molecular chains.
Vim tias qhov saturation nyiam txwv cov khoom txav ntawm PVC ntu, qhov siab dua ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntawm PVC, qhov ntau dua cov plasticizer tsiv teb tsaws coefficient. Thaum lub degree ntawm PVC cross-linking yog tsawg, qhov kev tsiv teb tsaws coefficient yuav tsawg dua li qhov degree ntawm PVC cross-linking nce. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov ntau dua qhov hnyav molecular ntawm PVC, qhov me me ntawm kev tsiv teb tsaws coefficient, vim tias qhov nce ntawm qhov hnyav molecular ntawm PVC yuav ua rau txo qis ntawm cov PVC molecular saw ntu, uas muab qhov chaw txav chaw rau cov yas yas.