Lub hnab yas yog ib yam khoom uas thaum ntxiv rau cov khoom, feem ntau yog cov yas, ua rau nws yooj ywm, siv tau yooj yim thiab yooj yim dua.
Cov piv txwv ntawm cov yas thaij (plasticisers) muaj xws li dej kom nplua av nplaum thiab roj tuaj yeem ua cov yas suab rau cov dej ntim hauv cov nkoj qub. Muaj ntau tshaj 300 hom ntawm cov yas yas ntawm 50-100 nyob hauv kev lag luam. Feem ntau yog siv phthalates thiab adipates.
PVC yog ib yam tsis yeem thaum kub cev. Qhov no yog vim lub luv nraub qaum ntawm cov molecules txij li thaum muaj cov muaj zog rub zog ntawm lawv (intermolecular rog). Thaum rhuab, lub zog ntawm kev tawm dagzog hauv molecular ua tau ntau dua li cov kev sib txuas ntawm kev sib tsoo, uas pib molecular ncua, uas ua rau cov txaj muag ntawm lub cev. Thaum cov yas tho yas ntxiv rau PVC ntawm cov theem no, cov yas thaij yas ua lawv txoj kev ntawm PVC molecules thiab tiv thaiv cov PVC polymer molecules los ze zog nrog txhua lwm yam. Txawm li cas los xij cov polymer molecules yuav tsum sib nrug txawm nyob ntawm qhov kub thiab qhov kub zoo. Qhov no yog lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov yas yas thiab cov txheej txheem yog technically hu ua plasticising.
PVC polymer molecules muaj positive thiab negative polarities sab hauv, thaum yas yas molecules kuj muaj xws li cov ncov qaumteb qabteb thiab cov tsis tshua muaj siab. Lub PVC polymer molecules thiab cov yas plawg lub tshuab cov hluav taws xob txuas rau txhua lwm yam, thiab cov khoom uas tsis yog-sab qaum tawm kom nrug deb ntawm cov kabmob polymer kom ceev. PVC cov khoom uas muaj softened los ntawm plasticisers yog hu ua soft (saj) PVC khoom. Nyob hauv Tebchaws Europe, muaj li ntawm 30% ntawm tag nrho cov PVC reag ntau lawm yog siv rau cov khoom zoo siv PVC.
Tseem ceeb heev, cov yas yas tsis yog cov khoom ntxiv (xws li pigments lossis fillers). Lawv ua kom haum rau PVC (compatibility) ua kom muaj qhov muag kom yooj yim ntawm cov khoom siv tsawg (ua kom zoo zoo) thiab yog cov khoom loj tshaj plaws uas txiav txim siab lub cev cov khoom ntawm polymer thiab yuav tsum tsis yooj yim mus rau hauv huab cua lossis dej (tsis muaj kev kub ntxhov, tsis muaj kev tsiv tsaim).
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