Diesel yog thaum muaj kev kub ntxhov los ntawm kev kub ntxhov, yog li cov diesel cav tsis xav tau cov taub ntswg, xws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, nws siv cua txias los txhawm rau huab cua txias, yog tias huab cua kub tshaj qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntawm roj, ces txau rau diesel roj, diesel tsuag thiab cua sib tov nyob rau tib lub sij hawm los zes lawv tus kheej combustion. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev ua tau zoo, Biodiesel domestic tsoos diesel cav tau muab ib lub luj hnyav, lub suab nrov thiab kev tso pa paug ntawm lub tswv yim, yog li siv txoj kev siv cov tsheb domestic roj tsheb, tab sis nyob rau xyoo tsis ntev los no, ib txhia ntawm qhov tseeb diesel technology rau Suav teb, zoo heev txhim kho cov neeg txoj kev tsis ncaj ncees rau cov cav tov diesel.
Qhov chaw ua haujlwm Dlaws Ncig Dlhau muaj 180μ370 ℃ thiab 350 ~ 410 ℃ ob hom. Rau cov roj av thiab nws cov khoom ua tiav, qhov cwj pwm ntawm qhov ntsuas kub tsawg lossis lub hau kub yog hu ua lub teeb, thiab qhov tsis sib haum ua rau hnyav. Yog li ntawd, cov qub raug xa mus rau lub teeb roj teeb, Biodiesel lub tom kawg raug xa mus rau li hnyav diesel. Cov roj diesel yog cais tawm los ntawm cov ntsiab lus sib tw, xws li 10, -20, qhia tias tsis siv kub, thiab roj av roj yog dav siv hauv tsheb loj thiab nkoj. Vim tias qhov kev kub ntxhov (diesel engine) (lub tsheb siv) tshaj li ntawm cov roj av roj av hauv lub xeev, cov diesel demand growth rate ntau dua roj av, qee lub tsheb me kuj hloov mus rau diesel. Qhov zoo ntawm cov roj hluav taws xob yog zoo rau kev sib xyaw kom haum thiab kev ua kom zoo. Txoj kev tua hluav taws ntawm 16-alkane tus nqi siab zog zoo dua qub, Biodiesel lub daig nyoos roj ua rau ntawm 16 alkane tus nqi ntawm 68. High-speed diesel engine nrog lub teeb diesel 16 alkane tus nqi ntawm 42~55, Tsawg-ceev hauv qab 35. Koj tsis tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv hnab yas lossis koj yuav cig hluav taws.
Lub zog ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob raug txiav txim los ntawm kev saib, hnia, tuav, thiab kov ub kov no. ① Saib: Diesel yog tshuaj yej daj los yog xim av, dawb thiab zoo li ntawd. Nyob rau hauv 3.5 tus naj npawb ntawm tus xov tooj, translucent. ② tsis hnov tsw: Muaj qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov roj diesel, los yog zoo li diesel tsw, tsis muaj ntxhiab tsw thiab lwm yam pungent saj. ③ co: Ua cov npuas me me, Biodiesel ploj qeeb dua roj, zoo fluidity. ④ kov: Nrhav qeeb qeeb, hnov tus kheej.
Diesel classification: Tsis muaj. 10th diesel, haum rau high-speed diesel xyaw, tsis muaj. 0, qhov tsawg kawg nkaus kub ntawm 4 degrees saum toj no, -10th muaj feem xyuam rau ntau dua 5 qhov chaw, -20th yog siv rau 5 degree - 14 degree cheeb tsam, 35th yog muaj feem xyuam rau 14 degree - 29 cheeb tsam, -50th yog siv rau 29 degrees ntawm -44 degrees.
Diesel muaj tsib qhov yuav tsum muaj: zoo evaporation thiab atomization kev ua tau zoo, Biodiesel zoo qis kub khiav kev kawm, zoo combustion kev kawm, zoo stability thiab corrosion kuj thiab tsis hnav tsis tau.
1, evaporation thiab atomization
Txhawm rau kom khiav lag luam ntawm kev lag luam hauv high-speed diesel engine, lub teeb roj hluav taws xob yuav tsum muaj zoo evaporation, thiaj li tsim ib homogeneous combustible dej nrog cua, thiab cov evaporation ntawm diesel roj yog soj ntsuam los ntawm ob lub cim ntawm distillation thiab flash taw tes. (1) Distillation txheej txheem: Qhov distillate ntawm diesel roj yog tsis pub dhau 200 ~ 365 ° c.
(2) Flash point kuj hu ua Hluav Taws Kub Taws Teeb, Biodiesel nws yog nyob rau hauv cov kev cai lij choj, cua sov ntawm lub vapor ntawm txoj kev khiav ntawm qhov sib tov thiab nplaim taws hluav taws xob thaum hluav taws kub tsawg kawg, thaum ° c. Lub flash point ntawm diesel tsis tsuas yog ib qhov project los tswj cov evaporation ntawm diesel roj, Biodiesel, tab sis kuj yog ib qhov project kom kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm diesel.
2, Txaus Siab Me Ntsis
Lub fluidity ntawm diesel roj yog tsuas yog qhia los ntawm viscosity, condensation point thiab txias lim taw.
(1) Viscosity yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv cov roj diesel roj Performance Indicators, nyob rau hauv tus qauv ntawm cov viscosity ntau, kom paub meej tias diesel engine roj kaw zoo lubrication, Biodiesel kom paub meej tias diesel muaj ib tug zoo qhia atomization kev ua tau zoo thiab muaj peev xwm, los xyuas kom meej tias cov diesel muaj ib qho kev sib xyaw ua kom zoo.
(2) Lub taub dej caws pliav yog qhov kev txwv ntawm cov roj tsheb roj, kev xa mus thiab xa thiab txais cov sijhawm ua haujlwm, uas yog qhov kub tshaj plaws uas cov roj diesel loses nws cov kua fluidity thaum lub txias pib mus ua kom pom zoo raws li cov sijhawm tau hais tseg.
(3) Qhov txias lim dej yog hais txog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub cav hluav taws xob uas tsis tuaj yeem siv los ntawm cov khoom siv lim. Tib hom roj roj diesel, txias lim taw yog siab tshaj qhov ntsuas chob 4-6 ° c.
3. Hlawv Khoom
Kev kub nyhiab ntawm roj hluav taws xob kuj tseem hu ua hluav taws kub, uas qhia tau hais tias lub peev xwm ntawm diesel mus combust. Biodiesel Qhov Performance index ntawm diesel roj combustion kev kawm yog 16 alkane tus nqi. Tus 16 nqi alkane yog hais txog qhov feem pua ntawm N-16 alkanes hauv cov qauv fuels nrog tib qho kev sib xyaw ua kom tiav raws li diesel roj. Diesel roj nrog ib tus nqi siab ntawm 16 yog yooj yim pib, homogeneous thiab tiav combustion, siab engine zog thiab tsis muaj roj noj.
4, kev ruaj ntseg
Txoj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm diesel roj yog hais txog kev muaj peev xwm ntawm diesel los tiv thaiv oxidation thaum lub sij hawm cia thiab kev thauj mus los. Qhov ntsuas ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas qhov ruaj ntseg ntawm lub teeb roj diesel roj yog tsuas yog qhia los ntawm tag nrho cov ntsiab lus insoluble thiab 10% residual carbon residue, ntau dua tus nqi, tsawg dua qhov stability ntawm diesel roj, qhov yooj yim dua oxidized thiab deteriorated, xim xim deepened mus rau dub, Cov pos hniav tau nce, qhov yooj yim dua nyob hauv lub cav ua kom muaj cov roj carbon, qhov cia thiab siv cov roj diesel roj muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo.
5, txhuam hniav
Txawm nws yog lub teeb rau diesel los yog hnyav diesel, yuav tsis muaj ib tug loj corrosive, Biodiesel txwv tsis pub nws yuav corrode lub cav, shorten cov kev pab cuam lub neej. Qhov corrosiveness ntawm cov roj diesel yog tswj los ntawm peb cov cim xws li leej faj, acidity thiab corrosion ntawm daim ntawv tooj liab.